In Albania, every urban intervention is wrapped in
appealing terms such as “requalification” or “urban renaissance.”
Yet, too often, these are euphemisms masking the realities of over-construction
and the loss of public spaces. Poetic language must not distract us from
critically assessing the real outcomes.
Milan: From Praise to
Scrutiny
Milan’s global reputation grew with
high-visibility projects such as Bosco Verticale, celebrated as a
fusion of architecture and living green infrastructure. Yet recent
investigations — including those involving Mayor Giuseppe Sala — have cast new
light on questions of transparency, governance, and potential conflicts of
interest in planning and development processes.
Beyond governance, results on the ground
are mixed. Controversial redesigns like Piazza Castello and Piazza
San Babila are now cited by critics as examples of “dead
spaces”: expanses of paving exposed to summer heat, lacking shade, trees,
water, and social life — and prone to winter water accumulation. The core
critique: urban design renderings promise livability, but built reality
often fails to deliver functional, climate-responsive, community-supportive
space.
Tirana & the
TR030 Master Plan: Time for a Second Look?
Tirana has, for several years, been
guided by the TR030 General Local Plan (Përgjithshëm Vendor),
developed by the team led by architect Stefano Boeri — the same name behind
Bosco Verticale. The plan introduced an ambitious vision: an Orbital
Forest, new public squares, and vegetated vertical architecture redefining
the skyline.
On paper, the concept is bold and
inspiring. But after watching Milan’s experience unfold, a legitimate question
emerges:
Is this model right for our reality?
Does it truly secure functional greenery,
resilient microclimates, and inclusive public space — or are we at risk of
building projects that look compelling in visualizations yet underperform in
practice?
A further concern: high-rise
concentration and rapid densification in Tirana’s core could erode
visual landscape character, undermine cultural continuity, and squeeze out
historic patterns unless a clear balance is maintained between new development
and inherited urban fabric. In the wake of Milan’s reassessment, perhaps it is
time to subject TR030 to an independent review — transparent,
evidence-based, and participatory — to ensure alignment with the
public interest and sustainability standards.
What Can We Learn
from Milan?
- A
rendering (computer views showing what the project is expected to look like) is not reality. Evaluate projects on function,
microclimate, and long-term maintenance — not only on digital imagery.
- Plan
public space for a Mediterranean climate. Shade,
evapotranspiration, water features, permeable surfaces, and biodiversity
are not optional extras.
- Transparency
& public consultation matter. Urban planning cannot be an exclusive
conversation among architects, investors, and political insiders.
Positive Models to
Draw From
Ljubljana, Slovenia – Named European
Green Capital 2016, the city combined strong waste-reduction policies with
pedestrianization of the historic core, extensive greening, and a people-first mobility
network.
Barcelona, Spain – The Superblocks (Superilles)
strategy reclaims street space from cars, creating low-traffic social corridors
where residents gather, play, and cool the urban heat island.
Paris, France – The “15-Minute
City” framework aims to ensure that daily needs — parks, schools,
markets, healthcare, culture — lie within a short walk or cycle, reducing
congestion, emissions, and stress.
Freiburg, Germany – The Vauban
eco-district prioritizes walking, cycling, district-scale clean energy,
and community-driven design, becoming a reference point for integrated
sustainable neighborhoods.
A Manifesto for the
Albanian Cities of Tomorrow
To avoid repeating Milan’s mistakes,
Albania needs its own urban vision — locally rooted,
climate-smart, and socially just. A practical manifesto for action could rest
on five pillars:
1.
Real, Functional Greenery – Not tree
icons in renderings, but living, irrigated, climate-adaptive green systems in
every public space.
2.
Climate-Responsive Design – Streets and
squares designed for shade, cooling, water retention, and biodiversity across
seasons.
3.
Civic Participation & Transparency – Open data,
open hearings, co-design workshops. Urban form must emerge from dialogue
between experts and communities.
4.
Post-Build Monitoring & Audits – Every major
project should be evaluated after completion: Did it meet promised standards?
Is it used? Does it perform ecologically?
5.
Protecting Urban Identity – Each Albanian
city — Tirana, Durrës, Vlora, Shkodra, Korça, Gjirokastra, and beyond — carries
a distinct history, scale, and cultural DNA. Modernization must amplify, not
erase, that identity.
Call to Action
Milan reminds us that even the most
celebrated projects can fail when people and nature are treated as
afterthoughts. Albania still has time to build a distinct,
human-centered, climate-aware urban model with a strong sense of
place. Before we greenlight the next tower, concrete plaza, or iconic
“statement” development, we should ask:
Are we building cities for people,
memory, and ecological resilience — or only for the image of a faceless global
metropolis?
The answer we give — in policy, budget,
and built form — will shape how we live for generations.